δέω

δέω
δέω 3 sg. pres. δεῖται (Ath. 21, 3); fut. δήσω LXX; 1 aor. ἔδησα, subj. δήσω; pf. ptc. δεδεκώς Ac 22:29. Pass.: 1 aor. inf. δεθῆναι 21:33; pf. δέδεμαι (Hom.+)
① to confine a pers. or thing by various kinds of restraints, bind, tie
ⓐ of things τὶ someth. 1 Cl 43:2; τὶ εἴς τι (Ezk 37:17): tie weeds in bundles Mt 13:30. τί τινι (cp. Ezk 27:24): τοὺς πόδας κειρίαις J 11:44. ἔδησαν (τὸ σῶμα) ὀθονίοις μετὰ τῶν ἀρωμάτων they bound (the corpse) in linen cloths with spices 19:40.
ⓑ of binding and imprisoning pers. δ. τινὰ ἁλύσεσι (cp. Lucian, Necyom. 11; Wsd. 17:16) bind someone w. chains, of a possessed person Mk 5:3f; of prisoners (PLips 64, 58) Ac 12:6; 21:33; Taubenschlag, Op. Min. II 722f. Also simply δ. τινά (Judg 16:5, 7f) Mt 12:29 (cp. TestLevi 18:12); 14:3; 27:2; Mk 3:27; 15:1; J 18:12; Ac 9:14; 21:11, 13; 22:29; B 6:7 (Is 3:10). (τοὺς) πόδας καὶ (τὰς) χεῖρας bind hand and foot (the acc. as Jos., Ant. 19, 294) Mt 22:13; Ac 21:11; δ. τινὰ ἐν φυλακῇ bind someone (and put him) in prison (4 Km 17:4) Mk 6:17. Pass. (Biogr. p. 238) δέδεμαι be bound, i.e., a prisoner 15:7. κατέλιπε δεδεμένον leave behind as a prisoner Ac 24:27 (δεδεμένος=in prison, as Diog. L. 2, 24 of Socrates); ἀπέστειλεν δ. J 18:24. Cp. Col 4:3; IEph 1:2 al. in Ignatius. Παύλου δεδεμένου AcPl Ha 2, 1. δέδεμαι ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι be a prisoner because of the name (=being a Christian) IEph 3:1. Also δ. ἐν Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ ITr 1:1; IRo 1:1. δεδεμένον ἄγειν τινά bring someone as prisoner (Jos., Bell. 7, 449) Ac 9:2, 21; 22:5; cp. IRo 4:3. Pass. δ. ἀπάγεσθαι IEph 21:2; δ. θεοπρεπεστάτοις δεσμοῖς bound w. chains that befit God’s majesty (i.e. through his bondage Ignatius displays his total devotion to God, s. IEph 3:1 above) ISm 11:1; δ. ἢ λελυμένος a prisoner or one (recently) freed 6:2.—Fig. ὁ λόγος τ. θεοῦ οὐ δέδεται God’s message cannot be imprisoned (though the speaker can) 2 Ti 2:9.—Mid. (s. L-S-J-M s.v. δέω A, II) οὐκ ἔξεστί μοι δήσασθαι αὐτό (viz. τὸ κεφαλοδέσμιον) I am not allowed to put on the headscarf GJs 2:2 (vv.ll. ἀναδήσασθαι and περιδήσασθαι).—A metaphorical use derived from ancient perceptions of illness explains the expr. ἣν ἔδησεν ὁ σατανᾶς whom Satan had bound of a deformed woman Lk 13:16 (cp. SIG 1175, 14ff; 32–35 Ἀριστὼ ἐγὼ ἔλαβον καὶ ἔδησα τὰς χεῖρας καὶ τοὺς πόδας καὶ τὴν γλῶσσαν καὶ τὴν ψυχήν). For another transcendent binding cp. δεδεμένος τῷ πνεύματι bound by the Spirit Ac 20:22 (similar imagery, perh., in Apollon. Rhod. 4, 880 ἀμηχανίη δῆσεν φρένας ‘perplexity bound his mind’).—On the binding of the dragon Rv 20:2 s. JKroll, Gott u. Hölle ’32, esp. 316ff; Tob 8:3; TestLevi 18:12.
② to tie someth. to someth., tie to an animal (4 Km 7:10) Mt 21:2; Mk 11:2, 4 (πρὸς θύραν); Lk 19:30; angels Rv 9:14. δ. δέκα λεοπάρδοις tied to ten leopards (on the language: Soph., Aj. 240 κίονι δήσας = πρὸς κίονα 108; cp. Jos., Ant. 18, 196) IRo 5:1 v.l.—Fasten someth. (ParJer 7:35 τὴν ἐπιστολὴν εἰς τὸν τράχηλον τοῦ ἀέτου) a linen cloth at its four corners Ac 10:11 v.l.
③ to constrain by law and duty, bind w. dat. of pers. to someone: of a wife to her husband Ro 7:2; of a husband to his wife 1 Cor 7:27 (for the form cp. Posidippus [III B.C.]: Anth. Pal. 9, 359, 5f ἔχεις γάμον; οὐκ ἀμέριμνος ἔσσεαι• οὐ γαμέεις; ζῇς ἔτʼ ἐρημότερος=You are married? You won’t be without cares. You remain unmarried? You’ll live still lonelier.). Abs. vs. 39 (cp. Achilles Tat. 1, 11, 2 v.l. ἄλλῃ δέδεμαι παρθένῳ; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 11, 56 τὴν μὲν ἄγαμον … τὴν δὲ πρὸς ἄνδρα δεδεμένην); τοῖς λαϊκοῖς προστάγμασιν be bound by the rules for the people (those without official duties) 1 Cl 40:5.
④ The combination δ. καὶ λύειν bind and loose (Ael. Aristid. 40, 7 K.=5 p. 55 D. of Prometheus: ὅσα δήσειεν ὁ Ζεύς, ταῦτʼ ἐξὸν Ἡρακλεῖ λῦσαι; 41, 7 K.; Teleclides Com. [V B.C.] Fgm. 42 K. δέω—ἀναλύω) is found Mt 16:19; 18:18. On the meaning δέω has here cp. J 20:22f (cp. 1QH 13:10). Another interpretation starts fr. the rabbinic viewpoint. Aram. אֲסַר and שְׁרָא are academic language for the decision of the rabbis as to what was to be regarded as ‘bound’ (אֲסִיר), i.e. forbidden, or ‘loosed’ (שְׁרֵי), i.e. permitted; s. Dalman, Worte 175ff; Billerb. I 738–47. Binding and loosing in magical practice are emphasized by WKöhler, ARW 8, 1905, 236ff; ADell, ZNW 15, 1914, 38ff. S. also VBrander, Der Katholik 94, 1914, 116ff; KAdam, Gesammelte Aufsätze ’36, 17–52; JMantey, JBL 58, ’39, 243–49; HCadbury, ibid. 251–54 (both on J 20:23; Mt 16:19; 18:18).—B. EDNT. DELG s.v. δέω 1. M-M. TW.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία. 2015.

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  • δέω — 1 bind pres subj act 1st sg δέω 1 bind pres ind act 1st sg δέω 2 lack pres subj act 1st sg δέω 2 lack pres ind act 1st sg δεῖ there is need pres subj act 1st sg δεῖ there is need pres ind act 1st sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • δεῶ — δέω 2 lack fut ind act 1st sg (attic epic doric) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • δέω — (I) δέω (AM) Ι. μσν. παρακαλώ κάποιον για κάτι («δέομεν, παρακαλοῡμεν νὰ ὁρίσης») αρχ. 1. έχω έλλειψη, στερούμαι 2. φρ. α) «πολλοῡ δέω» έχω μεγάλη ανάγκη β) «παντὸς δέω» έχω πλήρη έλλειψη γ) «πολλοῡ δέω... ὑπὲρ ἐμαυτοῡ ἀπολογεῑσθαι» πολύ απέχω… …   Dictionary of Greek

  • δεῖτε — δέω 1 bind pres imperat act 2nd pl (attic epic) δέω 1 bind pres opt act 2nd pl δέω 1 bind pres ind act 2nd pl (attic epic) δέω 1 bind imperf ind act 2nd pl (attic epic) δέω 2 lack pres imperat act 2nd pl (attic epic) δέω 2 lack pres opt act 2nd… …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • δῆτε — δέω 1 bind pres imperat act 2nd pl (doric aeolic) δέω 1 bind pres ind act 2nd pl (doric aeolic) δέω 1 bind imperf ind act 2nd pl (doric aeolic) δέω 2 lack pres imperat act 2nd pl (doric aeolic) δέω 2 lack pres ind act 2nd pl (doric aeolic) δέω 2… …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • δήσετον — δέω 1 bind aor subj act 3rd dual (epic) δέω 1 bind aor subj act 2nd dual (epic) δέω 1 bind fut ind act 3rd dual δέω 1 bind fut ind act 2nd dual δέω 2 lack aor subj act 3rd dual (epic) δέω 2 lack aor subj act 2nd dual (epic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • δεουσῶν — δέω 1 bind pres part act fem gen pl (attic epic doric ionic) δέω 1 bind pres part act fem gen pl (attic epic doric ionic) δέω 2 lack pres part act fem gen pl (attic epic doric ionic) δέω 2 lack fut part act fem gen pl (attic epic doric) δεῖ there …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • δεούσαιν — δέω 1 bind pres part act fem gen/dat dual (attic epic doric ionic) δέω 1 bind pres part act fem gen/dat dual (attic epic doric ionic) δέω 2 lack pres part act fem gen/dat dual (attic epic doric ionic) δέω 2 lack fut part act fem gen/dat dual… …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • δεούσαις — δέω 1 bind pres part act fem dat pl (attic epic doric ionic) δέω 1 bind pres part act fem dat pl (attic epic doric ionic) δέω 2 lack pres part act fem dat pl (attic epic doric ionic) δέω 2 lack fut part act fem dat pl (attic epic doric) δεῖ there …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • δεούσης — δέω 1 bind pres part act fem gen sg (attic epic ionic) δέω 1 bind pres part act fem gen sg (attic epic ionic) δέω 2 lack pres part act fem gen sg (attic epic ionic) δέω 2 lack fut part act fem gen sg (attic epic doric) δεῖ there is need pres part …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • δεούσῃ — δέω 1 bind pres part act fem dat sg (attic epic ionic) δέω 1 bind pres part act fem dat sg (attic epic ionic) δέω 2 lack pres part act fem dat sg (attic epic ionic) δέω 2 lack fut part act fem dat sg (attic epic doric) δεῖ there is need pres part …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

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